
Flakpanzer IV "Wirbelwind" (Whirlwind in English) was a German self-propelled anti-aircraft gun based on the Panzer IV tank. Wirbelwind was successor to the Flakpanzer IV Mobelwagen (armed with 37mm Flak 43 L/89) – "interim solution" produced before the introduction of the real Flakpanzer.
The ground for building such self-propelled anti-aircraft tank was that in late war German Luftwaffe was no longer in complete control of the airspace over the battlefield. This was especially dangerous to the panzer units, first on the Eastern Front and then on the Western Front. Mobile air-defence was needed for both offensive operations to support fast moving panzer units and for defensive operations to provide anti-aircraft cover for defending or withdrawing units under attack.
The concept of Wirbelwind was proposed by SS-Hauptsturmführer Karl Wilhelm Krause, an officer from 12th SS Panzer Division "Hitler Jugend". In the early summer of 1944, Krause proposed to mount four barrelled 20mm Flak 38 gun on PzKpfw IV‘s chassis. During the fighting in Normandy in the summer of 1944, his flak unit was credit with shooting down 45 allied planes.
Wirbelwind was usually built on retired or battle damaged Panzerkampfwagen IV (mainly Ausf F/G/H) chassis/components returned from the front for major repairs.
Specifications:
Weight: 22000kg
Crew: 5 men
Engine: Maybach HL 120 TR 112 / 12-cylinder / 272hp
Speed: 38km/h
Range: Road: 200km
Cross-Country: 130km
Capacity: 470 litres
Length: 5.92m
Width: 2.90m
Height: 2.76m
Armament: 4 x 20mm Flak 38 L/112.5
1 x 7.92mm MG34
Manufacturer: Ostbau Werke
Production: between 87 and 105


During the Battle of the Bulge (Ardennes Offensive) in December 1944, Kampfgruppe Peiper, unit of the 1st SS Panzer Division LAH used 2 (or according to some sources 4) Wirbelwinds to protect their tanks.
These Wirbelwinds were part of the 10. (Pz.Flak) Kompanie, under the command of SS-Obersturmfüher Vögler, which supported the SS-Panzer-Regiment 1.


As the Kampgruppe Peiper was encircled in the area north of river L’Ambléve, the equipment they left behind is easy to count. There were two Wirbelwind left in the area – one in Stoumont near the Sanatorium St. Edouard and the second on the road near La Gleize.















































